Shyam Rajak's political journey began with student activism, rooted in his active involvement in the historic Jayaprakash Narayan (JP) movement of 1974. He is recognized as a Dalit leader, hailing from the Dhobi caste, a significant social group in Bihar's political landscape.
He first entered the Bihar Legislative Assembly in 1995, winning from the Phulwari Sharif constituency, a seat reserved for Scheduled Castes, on a Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) ticket. He successfully sought re-election from the same constituency in February 2000, February 2005, and November 2005. His term as a Member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly spanned from 1995 to 2020.
During the RJD government led by Rabri Devi, Rajak held significant portfolios such as Minister of State for Energy, Public Relations Department, and Law. In June 2009, he transitioned from RJD to join the Janata Dal (United) (JD(U)). During his tenure with the JD(U), he served as the Minister for Food and Consumer Protection from 2010 to 2015 in the Nitish Kumar-led government. In February 2016, he was also appointed as the Deputy Leader of the House in the Bihar Legislative Assembly. From 2019 to 2020, he served as the Cabinet Minister for Industries.
His political affiliations saw another notable shift in August 2020 when he was expelled from the JD(U) on grounds of alleged anti-party activities while serving as Industry Minister, and subsequently rejoined the RJD. Upon rejoining, he was appointed as the National General Secretary of the RJD. However, citing feelings of being 'cheated' and expressing concerns regarding 'dynasty rule' and 'corruption' within the RJD, he resigned from the party in August 2024. Shortly thereafter, in September 2024, Shyam Rajak rejoined the Janata Dal (United) for his third stint with the party and was appointed as its National General Secretary. He has also held the position of National President of the Akhil Bharatiya Dhobi Mahasangh.
In November 2025, veteran JDU leader Shyam Rajak won the Phulwarisharif (SC) seat, polling 126,470 votes and finishing ahead of CPI (ML) Liberation’s Gopal Ravi Das by a margin of 32,657 votes, marking his strong political comeback.
| Full Name | Shyam Rajak |
| Place of Birth | Bihar |
| Party Name | Janata Dal (United) |
| Education | Bachelor of Commerce |
| Profession | Politician |
| Father's Name | NA |
| Mother's Name | NA |
| Spouse's Name | Alka Rajak |
| Religion | Hindu |
| Website | NA |
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