UN Sounds Alarm Over Pakistan’s Expanding Military Power and Weakening Judiciary

The United Nations has issued a strong warning over Pakistan's latest constitutional amendments, cautioning that the changes could tip the country's fragile balance of power. The controversial 27th amendment, passed on 12 November, significantly strengthens the military's authority while reducing the Supreme Court's influence. UN Human Rights Chief Volker Türk said the shift threatens the rule of law and could destabilise Pakistan's governance system.

The new amendment paved the way for the creation of a powerful role - Pakistan's first Chief of Defence Forces (CDF). General Asim Munir assumed the position on 27 November, reinforcing the military's central role in national affairs. A newly formed National Strategic Command will now control nuclear and missile systems, authority previously held by the civilian-led National Command Authority.

Judiciary Loses Ground in Power Structure

One of the most contentious changes involves transferring constitutional cases from the Supreme Court to a new Federal Constitutional Court. Its judges will be appointed by the government, raising fears that political interference could undermine judicial independence. The Supreme Court, which has historically contested government overreach, now faces a major reduction in its powers.

Volker Türk warned that these changes could erode the judiciary's ability to uphold human rights. "A key measure of judicial independence is that the government should not interfere in the courts," he emphasised, urging Pakistan to revisit the amendment.

Sharp Divide in Political Reactions

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif has defended the amendment, describing it as a unifying step that honours the armed forces. He argued that elevating military leadership in the constitution builds national respect and strengthens defence coordination.

But critics, including analysts writing for Dawn, believe the amendment entrenches the military deep within the constitutional framework - a move that future civilian governments may struggle to undo. They warn that the military's growing influence could overshadow democratic institutions.

A New Power Map for Pakistan

The presidency's role has been reduced to a symbolic position, while the CDF now oversees coordination among the army, navy, and air force. Other changes include granting lifelong ranks to select military officers, added protections for field marshals, restrictions on former presidents holding public office, and shifts in judicial authority.

The UN has urged Pakistan to reconsider the amendments, stressing that strong, independent institutions are vital for stability. As the political landscape undergoes dramatic restructuring, experts say the country may be entering a new era - one defined by expanding military power and shrinking civilian oversight.