Iranian Citizens Contemplate Future After 12-Day War and US-Brokered Ceasefire

Iranians are grappling with the aftermath of a brief but intense conflict with Israel, which ended with a ceasefire brokered by the US. As they return to their homes, many fear the Iranian government's next moves. Human rights groups have raised alarms about increasing executions of political prisoners and dissidents.

Rising Concerns Over Repression

Since Israel's airstrikes began on June 13, targeting Iran's nuclear facilities and military leaders, Tehran reported executing six individuals accused of espionage for Israel, including three on a single day. Activists worry that more executions could follow, reminiscent of the post-Iran-Iraq war period. Mahmood Amiry Moghaddam from Iran Human Rights Organisation warned that "hundreds, perhaps thousands, of prisoners might be at risk of executions" in the coming weeks.

Nooshin, a Tehran housewife, noted that after every crisis, the Iranian regime tends to punish its citizens. She believes this pattern will continue following the truce announced by US President Donald Trump. "Basically, after every crisis, the Iranian regime has a habit of punishing its own people," she said.

Public Sentiment and Government Response

Despite official claims of unity among Iranians, some citizens express skepticism about the leadership's support. Shirin from northern Tehran fears government reprisals against ordinary people due to losses in the war. "We don't know what will happen," she said, concerned about potential government actions.

Esmail Baghaei, a Foreign Ministry spokesperson, defended the government's actions and praised Iranians' resolve in defending national security. "Our people showed that they are resolute in their defence of national security and sovereignty," he told Al Jazeera English.

Information Blackout and Public Perception

Intermittent internet access has left over 80 million Iranians struggling to piece together information beyond state broadcasts. State media has attempted to rally public support with nationalist messages similar to those used during the Iran-Iraq war.

Elias Hazrati, a state media official close to President Masoud Pezeshkian, acknowledged political and social divides while urging unity against foreign threats. However, Shirin suspects there are hidden government actions that will only be revealed when deemed necessary.

Optimism Amidst Uncertainty

Mahshid from Qazvin remains hopeful about post-war developments. She anticipates continued leniency on enforcing the hijab and other personal freedoms. "I feel that after emotions subside, the government will be tolerant," she said.

An academic researcher in Tehran shares this optimism, doubting that authorities can reverse recent social changes despite Israel's attacks weakening them. He mentioned rumors about easing restrictions on social media platforms like WhatsApp and Instagram soon.

Enduring Challenges

The researcher also noted that Israel targeted non-military sites around Tehran, disrupting water supplies in some areas. Power shortages persist as a daily issue due to longstanding economic mismanagement. "The electricity cuts for about two hours most days of the week," he said.

Supporters of Iran's clerical regime have tried aligning with nationalist sentiments without addressing calls for reform. The researcher observed demonstrations claiming victory in the war but noted that many Iranians opposed it.

As Iran navigates these turbulent times, citizens remain wary of potential government crackdowns while hoping for positive changes in personal freedoms and social policies.

With inputs from PTI