Beetles use 'Avatar' technology to locate each other

Washington, Apr 20 (ANI): Jewel scarab beetles use the same technology that created the 3D effects for the blockbuster movie Avatar to find each other-and hide from their enemies, according to a new study.

Researchers from the University of Texas, the jewel scarab species Chrysina gloriosa can distinguish between circularly polarized and unpolarized light.

The ability could provide the beetles with a tremendous advantage because most of the light reflected off these beetles' colourful bodies happens to be circularly polarized, said the researchers.

"The trait would allow the beetles to easily see each other while simultaneously hiding from predators that cannot see circular polarized light," said physicist Parrish Brady, who conducted the research with Molly Cummings.

Circular polarization (CP) is a way of filtering light that causes the light's electric field to travel in a circular pattern, as opposed to oscillating in all directions as is does in unpolarized light.

CP filters are now used to create 3D effects in movies, such as James Cameron's Avatar.

Human eyes don't have the ability to perceive CP light, which is why we need special glasses to view films that use CP.

Scientists have known that jewel scarabs reflect CP light since the renowned physicist Albert Michelson discovered it in 1911.

However, to find out if they can also detect CP light (without the snazzy glasses), the researchers took advantage of beetles' propensity to fly toward light.

They conducted a series of experiments, to see if jewel scarabs alter their flight patterns in the presence of CP light.

"We found significant differences in the beetles' flights toward circularly polarized and unpolarized light sources, suggesting that their eyes are outfitted to be sensitive to circularly polarized light," said Brady.

The finding makes Chrysina gloriosa only the second species on Earth known to be sensitive to CP light-the other being a species of shrimp.

It is believed that the ability to both see and reflect CP light probably evolved to allow jewel scarabs to communicate with each other while staying hidden from predators, but Brady and Cummings are planning more research to see exactly how these beetles use this very rare way of seeing and being seen.

Their research is published in the May issue of the American Naturalist. (ANI)