First poisonous dino discovered dates back to 128 million years

Washington, December 22 (ANI): A team of scientists has discovered the first poisonous, birdlike raptor that thrived some 128 million years ago in China, which is the first report of venom in the lineage that leads to modern birds.

"This thing is a venomous bird for all intents and purposes," said Larry Martin, KU professor and curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Institute.

"It was a real shock to us and we made a special trip to China to work on this," he added.

The dromaeosaur or raptor, Sinornithosaurus (Chinese-bird-lizard), is a close relative to Velociraptor.

It lived in prehistoric forests of northeastern China that were filled with a diverse assemblage of animals including other primitive birds and dinosaurs.

"This is an animal about the size of a turkey. It's a specialized predator of small dinosaurs and birds. It was almost certainly feathered. It's a very close relative of the four-winged glider called Microraptor," said Martin.

The venom most likely sent the victim into rapid shock, shrinking the odds of retaliation; escape or piracy from other predators while the raptor manipulated its prey.

"You wouldn't have seen it coming. It would have swooped down behind you from a low-hanging tree branch and attacked from the back. It wanted to get its jaws around you," said David Burnham from the KU Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Institute."Once the teeth were embedded in your skin the venom could seep into the wound. The prey would rapidly go into shock, but it would still be living, and it might have seen itself being slowly devoured by this raptor," he added.

The genus had special depressions on the side of its face thought by the investigators to have housed a poison gland, connected by a long lateral depression above the tooth row that delivered venom to a series of long, grooved teeth on the upper jaw.

This arrangement is similar to the venom-delivery system in modern rear-fanged snakes and lizards.

The researchers believe it to be specialized for predation on birds.

"When we were looking at Sinornithosaurus, we realized that its teeth were unusual, and then we began to look at the whole structure of the teeth and jaw, and at that point, we realized it was similar to modern-day snakes," Martin said. (ANI)