Genetic variations linked to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder

London, July 2 (ANI): Two groundbreaking pieces of research have for the first time shown that genetic variations in the human body can increase the risk of developing conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

The findings are based on the analysis of DNA samples from tens of thousands of people across the globe, conducted by a team of international researchers, including scientists at Aberdeen and Edinburgh universities.

David St Clair, the professor of mental health at Aberdeen University, described the findings as a major step forward in piecing together the genetic jigsaw of schizophrenia, a severe mental disorder that affects one in 100 people.

He, however, agreed that the use of the findings to develop potential new treatments for schizophrenia was still many years in the future.

"There has been a lot of controversy as to whether genes are even involved in psychiatric disorders. Some people think it is all just due to circumstances in their lives," the Scotsman quoted Prof St Clair as saying.

"But this is a landmark discovery in that it has been established beyond any doubt now that there are genes, and probably a lot of them, involved in these severe psychiatric disorders," he added.

According to the researcher, three common genetic variants can increase the risk of developing schizophrenia.

"These variants are present in a lot of the population, but not all of the people that have them go on to develop a mental illness," said Prof St Clair said.

"The individual variants on their own make us slightly more predisposed - between one and two per cent - to schizophrenia, but when combined with other genetic or environmental factors may substantially increase an individual's risk.

"Schizophrenia is one of the main causes of major mental illness. The drugs bill alone worldwide runs to $20 billion a year, not to mention the huge other costs such as hospital stays, lost employment opportunities and diminished quality of life.

"Our findings are a real scientific breakthrough since they tell us a lot more about the nature of the genetic risk of schizophrenia than we knew as little as a year ago," he added.

He continued: "However, this is not a breakthrough that is going to change clinical practice any time soon. It will still be many years before our findings can be translated into new drug treatments. Much more work is also still required for us to piece together the overall genetic architecture of schizophrenia."

Douglas Blackwood, the professor of psychiatric genetics at Edinburgh University, said: "The new discoveries of genes clearly take us forward in our understanding of what causes schizophrenia."

Blackwood added: "However, the project owes its success to the massive support received from a very large number of patients and their families who took part in the studies in several countries. We all now hope that these large-scale genetic studies will be the source of vital new clues about the nature of schizophrenia, opening up new possibilities for treating and defining the illness."

A research article on these findings has been published in the journal Nature. (ANI)