Martian soil may be less hospitable for potential life than once believed

Washington, August 5 : NASA's Phoenix spacecraft has detected the presence of a chemically reactive salt in the Martian soil, a finding that if confirmed could make it less friendly to potential life than once believed.

Scientists previously reported that the soil near Mars' north pole was similar to backyard gardens on Earth where plants such as asparagus, green beans and turnips could grow.

But, preliminary results from a second lab test found perchlorate, a highly oxidising salt, that would create a harsh environment.

On Earth, perchlorate is a natural and manmade contaminant sometimes found in soil and groundwater. It is the main ingredient in solid rocket fuel and can be found in fireworks, pyrotechnics and other explosives.

It's unclear how perchlorate forms on Mars or how much there is of it. NASA is investigating whether the substance could have gotten there by contamination before launch.

According to chief scientist Peter Smith of the University of Arizona in Tucson, the first test suggested Earth-like soil. Further analysis has revealed un-Earthlike aspects of the soil chemistry.

Phoenix detected the salt through a chemistry experiment.

The lander mixed soil with water brought from Earth into a teacup-size beaker and stirred it. Two dozen sensors inside the beaker detect the soil's pH and probe for traces of mineral nutrients.

The first test determined the soil was slightly alkaline and contained nutrients such as magnesium, sodium, potassium and chloride necessary for living things.

The second test found the highly reactive perchlorate.

Scientists want to confirm their results because another Phoenix instrument that bakes and sniffs soil samples found no evidence of perchlorate during a run on August 3rd.

According to Brown University geologist John Mustard, though judgment about the soil's potential to support life should be reserved until all the data are in, but at first glance, "It is a reactive compound. It's not usually considered an ingredient for life."

The latest soil finding comes less than a week after NASA extended Phoenix's three-month mission by another five weeks through the end of September.

ANI