India-US Civil Nuclear Deal: A Landmark Achievement of Manmohan Singh's Leadership

Manmohan Singh's tenure as Prime Minister is notably marked by the landmark civil nuclear agreement with the United States in 2008. This deal not only ended India's nuclear isolation but also fostered a favourable geopolitical environment. Singh was determined to see this agreement through, even risking his government's stability during a no-confidence vote in Parliament.

The civil nuclear deal significantly altered India's relationship with the US, laying the groundwork for strategic partnerships, particularly in high-tech and defence sectors. The collaboration was first announced in July 2005 after discussions between Singh and then US President George W. Bush. Singh addressed the US Congress on July 19, emphasising India's commitment to nuclear non-proliferation.

India's Commitment to Non-Proliferation

During his address, Singh stated, "We have adhered scrupulously to every rule and canon in this area. We have done so even though we have witnessed unchecked nuclear proliferation in our own neighbourhood which has directly affected our security interests." He highlighted India's responsible stance as a nuclear power, ensuring that sensitive technologies are not proliferated.

Negotiations led to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) approving a safeguards agreement with India on August 1, 2008. Subsequently, the US sought a waiver from the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) for India to commence civilian nuclear trade. On September 6, 2008, the NSG granted this waiver, allowing India access to civilian nuclear technology and fuel globally.

Strengthening Strategic Ties

The agreement was formalised on October 10, 2008, with then External Affairs Minister Pranab Mukherjee and US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice signing it. This deal marked a significant enhancement in India-US strategic cooperation. Singh's leadership also saw improved relations with Pakistan starting in 2004 under Atal Bihari Vajpayee's leadership, although these relations were strained after the Mumbai terror attacks in November 2008.

Singh passed away at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Delhi on Thursday at the age of 92. His legacy includes pivotal contributions to India's foreign policy and strategic alliances.