Gel treatment may help cure oesophageal cancer non-surgically

Washington, April 16 (ANI): Researchers at Rush University Medical Center are trying to determine whether or not a gel treatment can reduce the size of tumours in patients with oesophageal cancer non-surgically.

The researchers have revealed that the unique drug therapy delivers a highly concentrated dose of chemotherapy injected directly on to the hard-to-reach tumours in the oesophagus.

Oesophageal cancer patients are usually diagnosed at very advanced stages. They have to undergo chemoradiation therapy, and may also have an oesophagectomy, which is a surgical procedure to remove a part of or the entire oesophagus.

"Patients with esophageal cancer have very few treatment options and life expectancy can be less than two years from first diagnosis. This also could potentially be a viable treatment option for patients who have inoperable tumours located in their oesophagus," said Dr. Sohrab Mobarhan, principal investigator of the study and clinical director of the Coleman Foundation Comprehensive Clinic for Gastrointestinal Cancers at Rush.

The researcher have revealed that the experimental drug, known as OncoGel, made of two major components: the ReGel drug delivery system, which is a gel made up of ingredients used in biodegradable stitches, and paxclitaxel, a well established, FDA-approved anti-cancer chemotherapy agent.

They say that patients receive a one-time injection of OncoGel during an endoscopy.

"In pilot studies, OncoGel has been shown to continuously release paclitaxel, which is the chemotherapy agent, in concentrated doses at a higher magnitude than in just delivering it through the blood for up to six weeks," said Mobarhan.

Oesophageal cancer can develop when stomach acid backs up into the lower oesophagus and damages cells in its inner layer, an abnormal cellular change which is known as Barrett's oesophagus.

A person could ultimately develop cancer of the oesophagus as a result of developing Barrett's.

"Because the symptoms do not seem unusual, the disease can go unnoticed and ignored for long periods of time. A chronic cough, sore throat, indigestion and acid reflux are some of the symptoms that can mask the disease. The lesions that form into cancerous tumours can cause the opening of the oesophagus to narrow to nearly half its usual width and make it difficult to swallow," said Mobarhan.

In an earlier phase of the study of OncoGel in patients with late stage inoperable oesophageal cancer, 70 percent of patients had a reduction in tumour volume when OncoGel was used in combination with radiotherapy.

The researchers also observed that, after treatment, biopsy samples did not contain tumour cells in almost 40 percent of patients. (ANI)