Drivers of tropical deforestation are changing, say scientists

Washington, August 7 : Scientists have said that the drivers of tropical deforestation are changing from poverty-driven to industry-driven deforestation, which threatens the world's tropical forests, but offers new opportunities for conservation.

This has been highlighted in "New Strategies for Conserving Tropical Forests" - an article by Rhett Butler of Mongabay.com, a leading tropical-forest Web site, and, William Laurance of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama.

The researchers argue that the sharp increase in deforestation by big corporations provides environmental lobby groups with clear, identifiable targets that can be pressured to be more responsive to environmental concerns.

"Rather than being dominated by rural farmers, tropical deforestation is increasingly driven by major industries-especially large-scale farming, mining, and logging," said Laurance.

"Although this trend is pretty scary, it's also much easier to target a handful of global corporations than many millions of poor farmers," he added.

The United Nations estimates that some 13 million hectares (33 million acres) of tropical forest are destroyed each year; but these numbers mask a transition from mostly subsistence-driven to mostly corporate-driven forest destruction, according to Butler and Laurance.

According to the authors, a global financial market and a worldwide commodity boom are creating conditions ripe for corporate exploitation of the environment.

Surging demand for grain, driven by the thirst for biofuels and rising standards of living in developing countries, is also fueling this trend.

"Green groups are learning to use public boycotts and embarrassment to target the corporate bad guys," said Butler. "And it works-we're already seeing the global soy, palm oil, and timber industries beginning to change their approach. They're realizing they can't run roughshod over the environment-it's just too risky for them," he added.

"In addition, some massive financial firms, including Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase, Citigroup, and Bank of America, have altered their lending practices after coming under fire from environmentalists," said Butler.

"Many multinational corporations are developing greener products because they're more profitable. For example, the market for eco-friendly timber products is expected to be worth tens of billions of dollars in the US by 2010," said Laurance.

"We argue that the public and green groups need to send a loud, clear message to the corporate sector. There's just no profit in destroying the natural world," he added.

ANI