Monkeypox: Brazil, Spain report first deaths outside Africa

Last Saturday, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the monkeypox outbreak a "public health emergency of international concern," its highest level of threat.

It has been endemic for decades in West and Central African countries, but 70% of the current infections are in Europe and 25% in the Americas.

What do we know about the fatalities?

According to the state health ministry of Minas Gerais, the Brazilian victim was a 41-year-old man who also suffered from lymphoma and a weakened immune system.

"The comorbidities aggravated his condition," the ministry said.

He died from septic shock after being taken to the intensive care unit.

Spain is one of the world's worst-hit countries, and 4,298 people have been infected with the virus, according to the Spanish health ministry's emergency and alert coordination center.

"Of the 3,750 [monkeypox] patients with available information, 120 cases were hospitalized [3.2%], and one case has died," the center said.

WHO had so far reported five confirmed monkeypox deaths in countries in Africa.

New WHO monkeypox advice

WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said on Wednesday 98% of monkeypox cases had been identified in men who have sex with men.

He urged them to limit their number of sexual partners while monkeypox cases increase within their community and to swap contact details with any new partners.

"This is an outbreak that can be stopped... The best way to do that is to reduce the risk of exposure," Tedros told a news conference from Geneva. "That means making safe choices for yourself and others."

Vaccines are available to help protect against the virus but there's a limited supply.

Monkeypox is not as transmissible or fatal as smallpox.

The WHO says monkeypox has a fatality rate of between 3-6%.

Symptoms of monkeypox infection include fever, muscle pain and a rash that forms blisters.