Study links impotence to heart risk

Washington, May 20 (ANI): International experts have urged all men experiencing impotence to undergo thorough medical assessments, after it was shown that a significant proportion of men with erectile dysfunction (ED) exhibit early signs of coronary artery disease (CAD).

An extensive review showed that men with ED will often develop coronary symptoms within two to three years of impotence and actually experience a cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack, within three to five years.

The authors have stressed that it is vital that clinicians stabilise cardiovascular function and control any symptoms before even considering initiating any ED therapy.

Dr Graham Jackson, a London-based cardiologist and Chair of the Sexual Advice Association, teamed up with 11 experts from all over the UK, Italy, Greece and the USA to analyse the findings of more than a hundred studies on the links between ED and CAD.

They concluded that ED in otherwise healthy men and those with type 2 diabetes may be associated with early subclinical signs of CAD, including reduced blood flow and calcification of the arteries.

Men with ED generally exhibit more severe CAD and dysfunction in the left ventricle of the heart than those without ED and the severity of the ED may also be correlated with the severity of the CAD.

In around two-thirds of men, CAD is preceded by ED. The association in younger men aged between 40 and 69 is much clearer than in men over 70.

ED is associated with an increase in all-cause mortality, primarily through its associated with CAD.

A number of studies have sought to quantify the increased risk.

One study found that men aged between 30 and 39 with moderate to severe ED have a 14 per cent higher risk of developing CAD within ten years than men without CAD (4.9 per cent and 4.3 per cent respectively).

This figure rose to 27 per cent in men aged 60 to 69 (21.1 per cent and 16.6 per cent respectively).

Other studies suggest that the increased risk can range from 30 to 60 per cent, compared with a 40 per cent increase for a man with a family history of heart attacks and a 10 per cent increase for a 20mg/dl rise in serum cholesterol concentration.

The authors suggest that the link between the two conditions could be due to atherosclerosis, a systemic condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, leading to restricted blood flow.

"It has been suggested that because the arteries supplying the penis are smaller than those supplying the heart, they will be affected by reduced blood flow - a major cause of ED - before the symptoms of CAD develop" explained Jackson.

"This theory may underpin the findings that men with ED seldom report overt symptoms of CAD, but those with CAD often report pre-existing ED symptoms," he added.

The study also discussed prevention strategies and how patients should be assessed, tested, managed and followed up.

Special guidance is also provided on dealing with patients with diabetes.

"Recognising the relationship between ED and CAD will improve and save lives. That is why wider awareness of the links is essential," said Jackson.

The study has been published in the June issue of IJCP, the International Journal of Clinical Practice. (ANI)