'Hobbit' may represent an entirely new species

Washington, Dec 18 (ANI): A team of anthropologists has claimed to have solved the 'hobbit' mystery, by concluding that fossilized skeletons resembling a mythical "hobbit" creature represent an entirely new species in humanity's evolutionary chain.

Discovered on the Indonesian island of Flores in 2003, controversy has surrounded the fossilized hominid skeletons of the so-called "hobbit people," or Homo floresiensis ever since.

Experts are still debating whether the 18,000-year-old remains merely belong to a diminutive population of modern-day or represent a previously unrecognized branch in humanity's family tree.

Now, University of Minnesota anthropology professor Kieran McNulty, along with colleague Karen Baab of Stony Brook University in New York, have used 3D modeling methods to come out with a new theory regarding the prehistoric species.

They compared the cranial features of this real-life "hobbit" to those of a simulated fossil human (of similar stature) to determine whether or not such a species was distinct from modern humans.

"Homo floresiensis is the most exciting discovery in probably the last 50 years," said McNulty.

"The specimens have skulls that resemble something that died a million years earlier, and other body parts reminiscent of our three-million-year-old human ancestors, yet they lived until very recently -- contemporaries with modern humans," she added.

Comparing the simulation to the original Flores skull discovered in 2003, McNulty and Baab were able to demonstrate conclusively that the original "hobbit" skull fits the expectations for a small fossil hominin species and not a modern human.

According to the study, the cranial structure of the fossilized skull clearly places it in humanity's genus Homo, even though it would be smaller in both body and brain size than any other member.

The results of the study suggest that the theorized "hobbit" species may have undergone a process of size reduction after branching off from Homo erectus (one of modern day humanity's distant ancestors) or even something more primitive.

"We have shown with this study that the process of size reduction applied to fossil hominins accounts for many features seen in the fossil skull from Flores," McNulty said.

"It becomes much more difficult, therefore, to defend the hypothesis that the preserved skull is a modern human who simply suffered from an extremely rare disorder," she added.

"I think the majority of researchers favor recognizing this as a new species," McNulty said about the categorization of Homo floresiensis. "The evidence is becoming overwhelming, and this study helps confirm that view," she added. (ANI)