Food addictive can boost plastic's self-healing property

Washington, Oct 16 : Researchers from University of Illinois have discovered that adding a dash of food addictive to damaged polymers can help restore them to full strength.

The novel self-healing process, in which solvent-filled microcapsules implanted in an epoxy matrix rupture when a crack forms, is a major improvement over the original self-healing process first described in February 2001.

"While our previous solvent worked well for healing, it was also toxic," said Scott White, a professor of aerospace engineering and a researcher at the university's Beckman Institute.

"Our new solvent is both non-toxic and less expensive," he added.

The self-healing materials release a healing agent into the crack plane when damaged, and through chemical and physical processes, restore the material's initial fracture properties.

During the study, the research team led by White combined a non-toxic and Kosher-certified food additive (ethyl phenylactate) and an unreacted epoxy monomer into microcapsules as small as 150 microns in diameter.

They could successfully achieve a 100 percent healing effect.

In a 2007 study, White and collaborators reported the use of chlorobenzene, a common - but toxic - organic solvent, which in epoxy resins achieved a healing efficiency of up to 82 percent.

"Previously, the microcapsules contained only solvent, which flowed into the crack and allowed some of the unreacted matrix material to become mobile, react and repair the damage," said graduate research assistant Mary Caruso.

"By including a tiny amount of unreacted epoxy monomer with the solvent in the microcapsules, we can provide additional chemical reactivity to repair the material," she added.

When the epoxy monomer enters the crack plane, it bonds with material in the matrix to coat the crack and regain structural properties.

In tests, the solvent-epoxy monomer combination was able to recover 100 percent of a material's virgin strength after damage had occurred.

"This work helps move self-healing materials from the lab and into everyday applications," said graduate research assistant Benjamin Blaiszik.

"We've only begun to scratch the surface of potential applications using encapsulated solvent and epoxy resin," he said.

The researchers reported their findings in the scientific journal Advanced Functional Materials.

ANI